March offers a dynamic display of planets, with Venus returning to visibility, Jupiter dominating the night sky, and Saturn making a final appearance before disappearing into the sun’s glare. This guide explains how and when to spot these celestial bodies, alongside key astronomical events for the month.
Venus: The Evening Star’s Return
After months hidden near the sun, Venus is re-emerging into view in the western sky. Look for it 30-45 minutes after sunset; it will grow more prominent throughout March as it pulls further from the sun. By month’s end, Venus will set over 1.5 hours after sunset, making it easier to observe during twilight. On March 8th, Venus will appear alongside Saturn, separated by just one degree, though Saturn will be significantly dimmer. This close approach provides a brief opportunity to see both planets in the same field of view.
Jupiter: The Night Sky’s Brightest Planet
Jupiter is the standout planet for March viewing. Rising high into the sky, it remains visible for much of the night. It appears as the brightest “star” in the sky, dominating the constellation Gemini. Jupiter sets a few hours before sunrise, allowing ample time for observation. On March 26th, it will shine near a waxing gibbous moon, creating a striking visual pairing.
Saturn: A Farewell Before Solar Conjunction
Saturn is making its last stand before becoming lost in the sun’s glare. It reaches solar conjunction on March 25th, effectively disappearing from view. Your best chance to catch it will be on March 8th, when it passes close to Venus. However, observing Saturn near the horizon may result in distorted telescopic views due to atmospheric turbulence.
Mercury and Mars: Hidden from View
Mercury and Mars remain too close to the sun throughout March, making them unsuitable for easy viewing. They are positioned within the sun’s glare and will not be readily observable.
Spring Equinox and Daylight Saving Time
On March 20th at 10:46 a.m. EDT, the sun crosses the celestial equator, marking the official start of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. Additionally, Daylight Saving Time begins on March 8th (except in Arizona, Hawaii, and Saskatchewan), so remember to set your clocks forward one hour.
Moon Phases and Viewing Tips
A thin crescent moon (1% illuminated) will be visible low on the western horizon on March 19th. Binoculars may be helpful for spotting it, as it will appear barely brighter than the surrounding sky. Venus will be positioned 7 degrees to its upper left. The moon will appear wider (5%) the following evening, shifting 7 degrees above Venus.
Remember that a clenched fist held at arm’s length roughly measures 10 degrees in angular separation, aiding in locating celestial objects.
In conclusion, March offers a range of planetary viewing opportunities, from Venus’s gradual return to Jupiter’s dominant presence. Keep an eye on the western horizon after sunset and prepare for the changing daylight conditions as spring arrives.
